3-2. POLITICS:Political Power

3-2

(2-2/22, 2-2/34) The general will of a political organization is substantiated and divided along the social conditions, producing a substantial political power.

3-2/01

(2-2/2) The will of a group comes into being all together with the group. Therefore, a political power comes into being with its political organization. The complete extinction of a group will is equal to that of the group. Therefore the complete extinction of a political power can be same as the extinction of the political organization.(2-2/2102)

3-2/011

When a group will is not distinct, since a behavior of a group as its action will be confused or cannot be(2-8/102, 2-8/1), the man's survival, which is pursued in the political organizaion(2-2/4), is to be threatened.

3-2/02

A substantiated political power becomes a visible object, getting different function from another phenomenon. When a political power gets substantiated the people who works for the power agents are to be differentiated distinctively from the common.

3-2/021

The social organizational agency as the subject that exercises a political power is called "government".

3-2/1

(2-13/01) A member 'A' of a society has a political power in the society if and only if he can influence at will upon most or all of another members in the society in one-way and visibly distinct manner.

3-2/101

The power is a type of man's relations essentially. The power is sometimes understood as an objective substance according to how it is to be obtained.

3-2/11

(2-6) The reasons why the group will is substantiated to be a political power is the followings: man's survival is to be threatened when the group will is not distinct(3-2/011), so a man who intends his survival comes to choose sufficient action of the group will for removal of threats to his existence. By the way, the more people in a group the more its disorder increase(2-6/2) and the more uncertain the social cognition becomes(2-5/61), so ability of group will decision as a process of group will decreases. Therefore, it is to be intended that so a few people as possible take part in the process of group will decision. Since minor people's decision is regarded as that for majority(3-2), enforcement power is endowed to it so as that it can be actually effective despite some disorder of whole group(2-6) and some matters of freedom degree of group(2-7).

3-2/111

(2-13/43) Because every social interaction is supported by ability of substantial interaction, a power always supervenes with the ability of physical enforcement. The enforcement power can change a reciprocal influence to an one-sided power.

3-2/112

(2-2/34) The condition that a power is given is the obedience of others that submit themself to a man of the power. There can be various reason why they obey him.

3-2/1121

(2-6/11) Various phenomenon centered and dependent on the relation between a man of the power and the obedient is called "domination phenomenon". When a community is big enough its domination phenomenon is necessary(1-1, 2-2/34).

3-2/1122

The reasons of obedience to a political power are like following:

<1> (2-2/101) In the basic situation a man obeys another who is superior to himself in the individual ability in the process of reliance, or obeys him by some agreement in the process of cooperation for the reasons noticed by 3-2/11(2-2/2321).

<2> The power built in the condition<1> goes for a while any way sustained(2-1/13) by the inertia of man's will(1-16) and uncertainty of social cognition(2-5), and as man's will and human phenomenon expand(1-12) against relatively fixed individual man's ability, the society also expands and power phenomenon gets firm. In this step more cases of simple obedience to power can be found, too. Even in these cases, however, the relationship of <1> should be maintained all over the society. The most basic condition for it is that there is no opposition in existences of both sides(1-1, 2-2/3).

3-2/2

The several conditions by which a group will is substantiated to be a political power are like followings:

Firstly the more members a political community has the more substantiated a political power can be. Secondly the more threat from outside can be found the more substantiated it can be. Thirdly it can be substantiated only when some people (who take part in the political activity) can live without actual activities of material production. Forthly sufficiently much effort should be required to make public decision of the group directly or indirectly. Fifthly a value conception of the society should agree that it is good to participate activities of political power(1-17/11).

3-2/201

The key conditions are the first and the second. The others have strong disposition to accompany them.

3-2/21

(3-2/011) When phenomenon of political power goes smoothly its society can be intentional. A community unifies individuals' wills for its own survival(2-1/02) and intends to substantiate its group will for maximum of its power(2-2/101) as the effect of the former. The political power is a good method to establish order(2-6/01) and pursue objectives efficiently.

3-2/22

The group will of a society-particularly the general will- should be embodied according to when required(2-2/2212). When a society is big enough(2-5/61, 2-8/103) the group will comes to be substituted by a certain particular will(2-2/223). Every particular will, if it were substantiated and included a material social force in a society, comes to be a social party. It is the governmental authority that was universally approved by overall members of the society.

3-2/221

Because man's social cognition is limited(2-5/3) the establishment of a social governmental authority is to be justified and supported by legal system(2-8/2) instead of general agreement of all social members.

3-2/2211

Every impersonal social institution just substitutes man's activity. This substitution is possible basically because all people agree implicitly.

3-2/2212

(1-1/31, 2-1/13) The political power as a group will that was substantiated in phenomenon sometimes gets or remains established with some sort of contradiction over its basic foundation, i.e. individuals' support. When the inner contractions begins working actually in the phenomenon the given contradictory political power collapses(3-2/1122<2>)

3-2/23

A community is a political organization(2-2/4) and a social party and a social governmental authority that were conceived from the point of political phenomenon are a political party and a political power respectively. As a social phenomenon gets complicated and divided more, its political party, which then refers only to the social party that is directly concerned to the political power, can be differentiated from general social party.

3-2/231

A commnuty has only one governmental authority. Therefore, a pollitical organization has only a political power.

3-2/2311

(2-2/22) A community has only one political power because it should express the group will as a governmental authority and arrange various particular wills, which cannot be performed if it were more than one. A social phenomenon of contradictory function comes to be selected out naturally in a society (1-9/01).

3-2/24

(2-1/01, 2-1/02) The existence of a community is determined directly and comprehesively by decision making of the political organization. As the social cognition is limited(2-5/61) when the political organization is big enough, the political phenomenon that comes from its existence intentional process converges into its political power and the process of deciding group decision through it, and here again, every phenomenon related to the political power becomes the essence of political phenomenon(3-1/01).

3-2/241

Every kind of human activity that directly concerns the political power or the decision making of the political organization is called 「politics」.

3-2/242

(1-9/14, 3-1/1) Supposing a nation exists as a political organization the politics is extended to include activities that regulate and harmonize man's intentional social activities with a scheme of an order system. Power phenomenon is an alternative condition for the actual possibility of this establishment of order(3-2/111).

3-2/3

(3-2/22∼2211, 3-2/23) A political party as a group will is the consistent will of some or all members of the society embodied various ways in the phenomenon(2-2/2). Therefore, in principle and generally, the political power becomes the strongest political party in the political organization.

3-2/31

(2-2/22) A political power should compromise, unify and integrate various political parties for the public existence.

3-2/32

The political organization ought not be divided according to political parties but be unified into one because its existence is of scarcity owing to the scarcity of benifit(1-14/221), thus because it needs to enlarge its force for actual obtainment of it(2-2/101).

3-2/33

(3-1/1) When there is no threat from outside to a political organization, thus when the scarcity of benifit, which is the reason why a political organization ought to be unified, vanishes or its structure changes, the individual man's will also vanishes which pursues to guarantee his own existence through the existence of the given political organization(1-9/1).

3-2/331

(3-2/21) Therefore the outward opposition the foundation for the inner reconcilation and cooperation. The root of this contradictory and dynamic harmony is the man itself(1-1/31).